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Soil erosion is a problem where soil is washed away, eroded, or degraded due to water currents, wind, or human activities. This leads to soil deterioration, loss of topsoil, and reduced fertility. It was found that a common solution to this issue is the use of ground cover plants, particularly vetiver grass. The grass has special properties that slow down water flow and trap sediments, allowing more water to seep into the lower soil layers, increasing soil moisture, preventing erosion, and enhancing soil nutrients. This study aimed to examine the effects of vetiver grass on soil properties along riverbanks in Chiang Mai. Three study sites were selected: the banks of the Ping River, the riverbanks in Mueang Chiang Mai district, and the riverbanks in Saraphi district. The study analyzed the physical and chemical properties of the soil, using soil from these sites to conduct an experiment growing Pang Kwang variety vetiver grass for two months. The results showed that vetiver grass can grow well along riverbanks in Chiang Mai, with the most suitable soil being the sandy loam of Mueang Chiang Mai district, followed by the sand of Saraphi district, and the sandy clay of the Ping River banks. Regarding sediment retention, vetiver grass was found to effectively slow water flow and trap sediments best in sandy clay, followed by sand and sandy loam. The study also found that vetiver grass improved soil structure by making it more porous, darkening soil color, lowering soil temperature, increasing moisture content, and enhancing phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) levels.