Student Research Reports

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Urban canopies play a critical role in moderating temperatures and enhancing environmental sustainability. This GLOBE research study investigates the relationship between tree characteristics—species diversity, size, crown width, and Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR)—and temperature regulation across five school sites in the Crestwood School District. The study aimed to determine whether these factors impact air and surface temperatures, with the null hypothesis stating that tree characteristics have no measurable effect on temperature reduction. Data collection followed GLOBE protocols, utilizing forestry DBH tapes, the GLOBE Observer app, infrared thermometers, and Vernier probes to measure tree dimensions, temperature variations, and light availability. Multiple readings were recorded at each site to ensure data accuracy. Statistical analyses, such as correlation studies were used to assess the relationships between tree characteristics and temperature differences. Results indicated that areas with greater tree coverage exhibited lower surface temperatures, and trees with larger crowns contributed more significantly to cooling effects. However, correlations between tree height, DBH, and temperature reduction were weak, suggesting additional environmental factors influence temperature moderation. Similarly, weak correlations between PAR and crown width suggest that species composition and canopy density may play a larger role in light absorption. These findings led to the rejection of the null hypothesis, confirming that tree diversity, size, and canopy coverage contribute to urban heat mitigation. This research supports the importance of urban forests in reducing the urban heat island effect and improving climate resilience. By integrating tree planting strategies into urban planning, communities can create cooler, more sustainable environments.